The refractory period — the time between ejaculation and the next opportunity for an erection — is a physiological, involuntary process that is directly influenced by the hormone prolactin.
Why does it vary by age? In young men, this period can be expressed in minutes, and with age it can increase to hours - this is a normal physiological change along with changes in testosterone and prolactin levels.
What can actually be done? It is impossible to completely “eliminate” it, but improving general health (cardio exercise, getting enough sleep, managing stress) has been linked to shorter refractory periods in studies.
Common myth Supplements that directly promise "instant recovery" have no clinically proven effectiveness — be careful with such products.
Alternative Intimacy During This Period The refractory period does not mean the end of intimacy—caressing, oral, or manual stimulation for your partner can continue.